Place cauliflower florets in a pot and cover with water. Bring to a boil and cook for 10–12 minutes until very tender. Drain well.
Add cooked cauliflower to a blender with heavy cream, butter, cheddar cheese, salt, and black pepper. Blend until smooth and creamy.
Transfer cauliflower mixture back to the pot and keep warm over low heat.
Melt butter in a skillet over medium heat.
Add shrimp, garlic, paprika, salt, and black pepper.
Cook shrimp for 2–3 minutes per side until pink and cooked through.
Spoon cauliflower “grits” into bowls.
Top with garlic butter shrimp and serve immediately.